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Environmental effects of atmospheric aerosols one

TIME: 2015-03-26  SOURCE: 【PRINT】
    Although the atmospheric aerosol is only a component of the earth's atmospheric composition, but it is very harmful to the environment. Effect of particles on the environment the most important include resulted in reduced visibility, cause haze, effect on crop yield and ecological system, and of cultural relics and material damage.
Atmospheric particles caused by haze:
 
         
 
Atmospheric aerosols lead to the deterioration of visibility:
    When light propagates in the atmosphere, it is weakened by the scattering and absorption of aerosol and gas molecules, which leads to the decrease of atmospheric visibility. The extinction coefficient of the air is aerosol extinction coefficient and gas molecular extinction coefficient, at the bottom of the atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient is far greater than the extinction coefficient of the gas. Due to the rapid expansion of the economic scale and the accelerated process of urbanization, the atmospheric aerosol pollution has become more and more serious.
 
       
 
   The visibility and the particle scattering, absorption capacity and gas molecular scattering and absorption ability, but the main scattering capacity of atmospheric particles with most closely, the visibility of fine particles and the relationship between the main deterioration is relatively large, especially a heavy aerosol pollution resulted in low visibility events. The proportion of fine particles with will more.
The visibility effect caused by atmospheric particle pollution occurs at two spatial scales: local and regional. Local smoke pollution can reduce visibility, which is sometimes called the smoke plume effect. The situation is mainly caused by a near source of pollutants. Wide area pollution may cause regional haze or tens of thousands of kilometers. A lot of emission sources are the regional haze formation with due to the long transmission time (usually a few hours or a few days), regional haze is mainly caused by the secondary particles.

    Long distance transport of atmospheric aerosols cause regional and even global pollution:

    Aerosols can be transported hundreds of thousands or tens of thousands of kilometers, caused by regional and global pollution, such as origin in the atmospheric pollutants in the sandstorms in Northwest China and China can be transmitted to Korea (Kim et al, 2001; Lee et al., 2002), Japan (fan et al, 1996; Murano, 2000; Ma et al., 2001), and Hawaiian Islands of North Pacific and North America (duce, 1983; Kurtz, 2001). Atmospheric aerosols can be transported across the ocean, across the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic, which has a very important impact on regional climate anomalies and the change of the global climate environment.